Libolo (Calulo) fire, 23 September 2025 Libolo (Calulo)
The fire started on 23 September 2025 in Libolo (Calulo), Angola, and satellites saw it burning for 15 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 6,985 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 39th largest in Cuanza Sul since 2016 (of 79 with a page). Number 98 in Angola in 2025, of 191.
- Burnt area
- 6,985ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 15days
- 23 Sept 2025 – 7 Oct 2025
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- municipalities
- Started on
- 23 Sept
- 2025
- Heat detections
- 147
- in a single hotspot: 59 MW
- Danger at start
- 13
- Moderate · FWI index
- Energy released
- 1.2GW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 0 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 2.0 mm on 10 Oct.
This area had burned before
63% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 479 ha in 2017, 862 ha in 2018, 2,226 ha in 2020, 2,900 ha in 2021, 1,022 ha in 2022, 807 ha in 2024. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 4,395 ha that had burned before.
What happened to each town
-
Libolo (Calulo) where it started7,025 ha reached on 23 Sept1.2 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 23 Sept | 27.3 °C | 57 % | 39 km/h | 0.9 mm | Moderate 13 |
| 24 Sept | 27.0 °C | 58 % | 34 km/h | 0.6 mm | Moderate 16 |
| 25 Sept | 27.0 °C | 57 % | 34 km/h | 0.2 mm | Moderate 17 |
| 26 Sept | 29.1 °C | 51 % | 37 km/h | 0.7 mm | Moderate 18 |
| 27 Sept | 29.4 °C | 53 % | 30 km/h | 2.3 mm | Low 8 |
| 28 Sept | 29.4 °C | 51 % | 34 km/h | 1.1 mm | Low 11 |
| 29 Sept | 28.3 °C | 52 % | 34 km/h | 0.3 mm | Moderate 17 |
| 30 Sept | 28.7 °C | 46 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 21 |
| 1 Oct | 27.6 °C | 53 % | 34 km/h | 0.4 mm | Moderate 21 |
| 2 Oct | 30.5 °C | 39 % | 41 km/h | 0.2 mm | High 24 |
| 3 Oct | 29.1 °C | 47 % | 33 km/h | 0.1 mm | High 25 |
| 4 Oct | 29.2 °C | 52 % | 36 km/h | 2.5 mm | Low 8 |
| 5 Oct | 29.9 °C | 48 % | 28 km/h | 1.9 mm | Low 10 |
| 6 Oct | 30.8 °C | 41 % | 35 km/h | 0.4 mm | Moderate 20 |
| 7 Oct | 30.8 °C | 42 % | 37 km/h | 0.7 mm | Moderate 21 |
| 8 Oct after | 29.3 °C | 51 % | 34 km/h | 0.3 mm | Moderate 21 |
| 9 Oct after | 27.9 °C | 53 % | 31 km/h | 0.3 mm | Moderate 20 |
| 10 Oct after | 29.3 °C | 52 % | 34 km/h | 2.0 mm | Low 8 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 28 September 2025 the air beside the fire reached 94 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 58: 3.9 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 147Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Libolo (Calulo) fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 23 September 2025 and 7 October 2025: 15 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 6,985 hectares (69.8 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Libolo (Calulo) (7,025 ha, 1.2 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 30.8 °C, humidity dropped to 39 % and gusts hit 41 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 25, class High.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Angola (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Public Domain). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.