Burned area
satellite only2,114ha
Perimeter published by GWIS (Copernicus).
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus)
- Date
- 15 Jan 2023 – 28 Jan 2023
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page to compare it with.
KH · Cambodia · –
Kaoh Nheaek fire, 15 January 2023 Kaoh Nheaek
Out · last detection 28 Jan 2023, 05:58 UTC
The fire started on 15 January 2023 in Kaoh Nheaek, Cambodia, and satellites saw it burning for 14 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 2,114 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 75th largest in Mondulkiri since 2016 (of 84 with a page). Number 23 in Cambodia in 2023, of 25.
Use this data
Compare with…
Use this data
Fire page data · version 2026-10-27matches the official recordwith caveatssatellite onlymodel
When copying, the sentence is
Tick the figures you want: they make up the lede and the CSV.
Duration by satellite
satellite only14days
15 Jan 2023 to 28 Jan 2023: first and last day with fire on the page.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- last detection: 28 Jan 2023, 05:58 UTC
+− cross-check
Satellites pass a few times a day and cloud or smoke can hide the fire: a lack of detections is not an official extinction. Each country’s emergency service declares a fire contained or out.
Start
satellite only15 Jan 2023
First day with fire seen by the satellites or the perimeter.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- 15 Jan 2023
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page, so the alert time and the cause are not known here.
Hotspots
satellite only71
VIIRS detections at 375 m. Most intense hotspot: 78 MW.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (Suomi NPP)
- Date
- 15 Jan 2023 – 28 Jan 2023
+− cross-check
There is no official record to compare with. Each hotspot is a pixel detected in one satellite pass, not a separate fire.
The worst day
satellite only328MW
Total radiative power on 17 January 2023; hotspots that day: 29.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (FRP)
- Date
- 17 Jan 2023
+− cross-check
Fire radiative power (FRP) measures the energy the fire gives off when the satellite passes. Added up by day, it compares intensity, not area.
Danger at the start
model12.1FWI · moderate
Fire Weather Index (Canadian system) computed by WorldFires for the day the fire started. Consecutive days without rain before: 1.
- Source
- WorldFires calculation (Canadian FWI system)
- Date
- 15 Jan 2023, local noon
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
This is an index computed from weather model data, not a measurement of the fire nor an official warning. Danger warnings are issued by each country’s authority. Emergency number and official warnings
Weather during the fire
model34.6°C · 28% RH
High of 34.6 °C and minimum humidity of 28% on 15 January 2023; gusts of 60 km/h on 28 January 2023.
- Source
- weather model at the fire’s grid cell
- Date
- 15 Jan 2023 – 28 Jan 2023
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
These are model values for a cell of about 25 km, not from a weather station: they may differ from what was measured on the ground.
This page’s change log has been kept since 24 October 2026: every night what it publishes is compared and the difference is logged. Anything earlier is reconstructed from each source’s date and marked as reconstructed.
Show
-
· reconstructed weatherWeather and FWI computed from the ERA5 reanalysis
-
logLast day with fire: 21 January 2023 → 28 January 2023.
-
· reconstructed GHSLPopulation and built-up area computed
What was saved on 27 October 2026
Every night a snapshot of what the page shows is saved. If anything changes, it appears in the list as a log entry.
- Area
- 2,114 ha
- Dates
- 15 Jan 2023 – 28 Jan 2023
- Name
- Kaoh Nheaek
- Official record
- —
Versioned permanent link
https://worldfires.org/en/fire/kaoh-nheaek-2023-01-2?v=2026-10-27A version keeps the area, dates, name and official record; the area as it was logged (changes under 2% are not logged). The map, hotspots and weather always show today’s data.
Citation
A lede of about 60 words figures only, no adjectives
CSV for this fire kaoh-nheaek-2023-01-2.csv · daily, no individual hotspots
| fecha | focos_viirs | frp_mw | tmax_c | tmin_c | hr_min_pct | viento_max_kmh | racha_max_kmh | precip_mm | fwi | clase_fwi | dentro_del_incendio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-01-15 | 2 | 22 | 34.6 | 20.4 | 28 | 12.3 | 20.5 | 0 | 12.1 | moderado | 1 |
| 2023-01-16 | 0 | 0 | 32.8 | 22.4 | 38 | 17.6 | 35.3 | 0 | 15.2 | moderado | 1 |
| 2023-01-17 | 29 | 328 | 30.7 | 21.4 | 46 | 19.7 | 47.9 | 0 | 14.9 | moderado | 1 |
| 2023-01-18 | 20 | 83 | 29.8 | 20.5 | 45 | 19.9 | 45.4 | 0 | 15.4 | moderado | 1 |
| 2023-01-19 | 8 | 9 | 30.3 | 20.4 | 43 | 18.3 | 45.4 | 0 | 15.5 | moderado | 1 |
| 2023-01-20 | 0 | 0 | 30.4 | 20 | 48 | 15.4 | 39.6 | 0 | 14.1 | moderado | 1 |
| 2023-01-21 | 2 | 7 | 31.1 | 21 | 49 | 18.5 | 46.8 | 0 | 15.7 | moderado | 1 |
| 2023-01-22 | 0 | 0 | 32.8 | 21.7 | 44 | 14.8 | 36.4 | 0 | 14.8 | moderado | 1 |
| 2023-01-23 | 0 | 0 | 33.7 | 22.8 | 44 | 15.8 | 39.2 | 0 | 15.8 | moderado | 1 |
| 2023-01-24 | 3 | 3 | 32.7 | 22.2 | 43 | 24.1 | 58.7 | 0.2 | 20.6 | moderado | 1 |
| 2023-01-25 | 0 | 0 | 28.5 | 20 | 42 | 23 | 55.1 | 0 | 20.6 | moderado | 1 |
| 2023-01-26 | 0 | 0 | 32.3 | 18.8 | 40 | 15.7 | 37.8 | 0 | 17.5 | moderado | 1 |
| 2023-01-27 | 6 | 7 | 31.4 | 21.1 | 45 | 19.3 | 49.3 | 0 | 19.9 | moderado | 1 |
| 2023-01-28 | 1 | 1 | 29.4 | 21 | 40 | 26.3 | 60.1 | 0 | 24.5 | alto | 1 |
| 2023-01-29 | 0 | 0 | 27.5 | 19.4 | 46 | 21.2 | 51.1 | 0 | 21 | moderado | 0 |
| 2023-01-30 | 0 | 0 | 28.8 | 18 | 39 | 16.7 | 44.6 | 0 | 19.2 | moderado | 0 |
| 2023-01-31 | 0 | 0 | 32.4 | 19.1 | 41 | 15.3 | 38.9 | 0 | 19 | moderado | 0 |
| 2023-02-01 | 0 | 0 | 34.5 | 21.1 | 39 | 13.8 | 29.9 | 0 | 19.9 | moderado | 0 |
| 2023-02-02 | 0 | 0 | 33.2 | 24.1 | 50 | 18.2 | 46.1 | 0 | 21.7 | alto | 0 |
| 2023-02-03 | 0 | 0 | 32.1 | 24.6 | 45 | 19.8 | 48.2 | 0 | 23.2 | alto | 0 |
| 2023-02-04 | 0 | 0 | 34.4 | 23.6 | 38 | 16.1 | 42.8 | 0 | 22.8 | alto | 0 |
| 2023-02-05 | 0 | 0 | 35 | 23 | 33 | 13 | 38.9 | 0 | 23.7 | alto | 0 |
| 2023-02-06 | 0 | 0 | 36.3 | 22.6 | 30 | 13.1 | 27.7 | 0 | 26.3 | alto | 0 |
| 2023-02-07 | 0 | 0 | 36.5 | 23.5 | 29 | 12.8 | 27.4 | 0 | 27.4 | alto | 0 |
It is generated in your browser from this page’s data: one file per fire, aggregated by day and without individual hotspots.
Live widget for your story
It updates itself while the fire is still active and links to this page. Free, with the attribution shown at the bottom.
Sources for this page: GWIS (Copernicus), NASA FIRMS (VIIRS), ERA5 (ECMWF/Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0), GHSL (JRC). Open-Meteo.com · How we build fire pages: methodology
- Burnt area
- 2,114ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 14days
- 15 Jan 2023 – 28 Jan 2023
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- districts
- Started on
- 15 Jan
- 2023
- Heat detections
- 71
- in a single hotspot: 78 MW
- Danger at start
- 12
- Moderate · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 57MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
HOTSPOTS BY DAY
15 Jan28 Jan
28 Jan 2023
How it evolved, day by day
17 Jan
21 Jan
27 Jan
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
35°high
60km/h · peak gust
28%lowest humidity
It had gone one day without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
29% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 613 ha in 2017, 39 ha in 2021.
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
Kaoh Nheaek where it started2,127 ha reached on 15 Jan0.4 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2025Built-up area< 0.1 ha
Residents< 20
Inside the perimeter there was no noticeable built-up land and almost nobody lived there (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15 Jan | 34.6 °C | 28 % | 20 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 12 |
| 16 Jan | 32.8 °C | 38 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 15 |
| 17 Jan | 30.7 °C | 46 % | 48 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 15 |
| 18 Jan | 29.8 °C | 45 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 15 |
| 19 Jan | 30.3 °C | 43 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 16 |
| 20 Jan | 30.4 °C | 48 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 14 |
| 21 Jan | 31.1 °C | 49 % | 47 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 16 |
| 22 Jan | 32.8 °C | 44 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 15 |
| 23 Jan | 33.7 °C | 44 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 16 |
| 24 Jan | 32.7 °C | 43 % | 59 km/h | 0.2 mm | Moderate 21 |
| 25 Jan | 28.5 °C | 42 % | 55 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 21 |
| 26 Jan | 32.3 °C | 40 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 18 |
| 27 Jan | 31.4 °C | 45 % | 49 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 20 |
| 28 Jan | 29.4 °C | 40 % | 60 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 24 |
| 29 Jan after | 27.5 °C | 46 % | 51 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 21 |
| 30 Jan after | 28.8 °C | 39 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 19 |
| 31 Jan after | 32.4 °C | 41 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 19 |
| 1 Feb after | 34.5 °C | 39 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 20 |
| 2 Feb after | 33.2 °C | 50 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 22 |
| 3 Feb after | 32.1 °C | 45 % | 48 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 23 |
| 4 Feb after | 34.4 °C | 38 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 23 |
| 5 Feb after | 35.0 °C | 33 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 24 |
| 6 Feb after | 36.3 °C | 30 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 26 |
| 7 Feb after | 36.5 °C | 29 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 27 |
Its twins: fires that started in the same weather
It started with an FWI of 12.1, a minimum humidity of 28% and 1 day without rain. Fires in the area that started in weather like this since 2016: 33.
FWI at the start
12.1
Minimum humidity
28 %
Days without rain
1
this fire
chosen twins
rest of the area
Almost identicalSimilar
Outlines of the closest twins
This fire · Kaoh Nheaek fire, 15 January 2023
2,114 ha
14 days
FWI 12.1
Min. humidity 28 %
Kaev Seima fire, February 2017
2,888 ha
12 days
FWI 20.2
Min. humidity 31 %
96 km away, in 2017
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 2.4 mm on 21 Feb.
Paksxong fire, February 2021
2,529 ha
19 days
FWI 11.9
Min. humidity 36 %
226 km away, in 2021
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 7.1 mm on 8 Mar.
Sesan fire, February 2017
15,256 ha
38 days
FWI 25.1
Min. humidity 28 %
124 km away, in 2017
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 7.9 mm on 15 Mar.
Sanamxay fire, February 2022
2,075 ha
15 days
FWI 18.0
Min. humidity 33 %
221 km away, in 2022
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 1.0 mm on 16 Mar.
Stueng Traeng fire, February 2017
2,052 ha
15 days
FWI 23.1
Min. humidity 26 %
147 km away, in 2017
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 8.4 mm on 23 Feb.
What happened to them
- 13 days
- median duration
- 2,420 ha
- median area
- 97 %
- went past 1,000 ha
- 2.4 mm
- rain at the end (median; 27 of 33 had it)
It burned an area similar to its twins (2,114 ha against a median of 2,420 ha) and lasted 14 days, against 13 days.
In 6 of 33, not even 1 mm fell in the ten days after the end: they went out without rain. In the rest, the first rainy day brought a median of 2.4 mm.
This is a bank of analogues: it shows what usually happens, not what will happen. With fewer than 15 twins we give no figures. How we calculate it
How it ended
—first rain
—no rain in ten days
60km/h · max. gust
It was considered over on 28 Jan, and not even 1 mm fell in the following ten days: it went out without rain. Twins with rain when they ended: 27 of 33, with a median of 2.4 mm.
Weather on this page: Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
How a twin is chosen
- Same area: fires that have already ended, less than 250 km from this one, since 2016.
- Same start: we compare the FWI on the first day, the minimum humidity that day and the run of days without rain before it. The slider sets how much they may differ.
- Only pages with final weather data (ERA5 reanalysis) calculated in the same way as this fire’s; agricultural and grass burns and pages with data under review are left out.
- Fires burning at the same time as this one (a week before or after) are left out: they share the same spell of weather and do not count as a precedent.
- They are sorted by similarity, and the outlines of the first five are drawn.
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
↔
Before · 8 Jan 2023
After · 4 Feb 2023
Sentinel-2 did not pass over on that day. Try another date, or use false colour, which is daily.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 15 January 2023 the air beside the fire reached 100 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 32: 2.1 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
PM2.5 peak100 µg/m³
Days over the guideline1 day
PM10143 µg/m³
Optical depth0.89
WHO 15
13 Jan16 Jan19 Jan22 Jan
Good
Fair
Moderate
Poor
Very poor
Extremely poor
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 71Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
⬇ Download CSV
Times in UTC. Each detection is a 375 m pixel: a large fire yields hundreds per pass.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 11,477 haKaoh Nheaek18 January 2026 · 24 days · 10 km away
- 7,405 haKaoh Nheaek12 January 2026 · 22 days · 15 km away
- 6,822 haKaoh Nheaek6 February 2026 · 11 days · 20 km away
- 12,908 haKaoh Nheaek14 January 2016 · 18 days · 28 km away
- 4,949 haOu Ya Dav14 January 2016 · 22 days · 37 km away
- 9,307 haBuon Don1 February 2026 · 26 days · 39 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Kaoh Nheaek fire last?
- According to the heat detections seen by satellite inside the perimeter, it burned from 15 January 2023 to 28 January 2023 (14 days). The perimeter dates it from 15 January 2023 to 21 January 2023.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 2,114 hectares (21.1 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Kaoh Nheaek (2,127 ha, 0.4 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 34.6 °C, humidity dropped to 28 % and gusts hit 60 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 24, class High.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Cambodia (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
- How did the fires that started in similar weather in this area end?
- Fires less than 250 km away that started since 2016 with a similar FWI, humidity and dry spell: 33. Their median duration was 13 days and their median area 2,420 ha; 97 % went past 1,000 ha. In 6 of 33, not even 1 mm fell in the ten days after the end: they went out without rain. In the rest, the first rainy day brought a median of 2.4 mm.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
History of this page · 1 Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
- Last day with fire: 21 January 2023 → 28 January 2023.
RSS Changes to this page With cross-checks and a citable version
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
- Dates adjusted with the VIIRS detections inside the perimeter, which said 15 January 2023 to 21 January 2023. 71 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.