Jolfa fire, November 2025 Iran
The fire started on 5 November 2025 in Jolfa, Iran, and satellites saw it burning for 7 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 1,653 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 14th largest in East Azerbaijan since 2016 (of 36 with a page). Number 9 in Iran in 2025, of 32.
The power measured by the satellite is low (16.2 MW in the strongest hotspot), more typical of grass or stubble burning, or a slow surface fire, than of a large crown fire.
- Burnt area
- 1,653ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 7days
- 5 Nov 2025 – 11 Nov 2025
- Municipalities hit
- 0
- counties
- Started on
- 5 Nov
- 2025
- Heat detections
- 45
- in a single hotspot: 16 MW
- Danger at start
- 8
- Low · FWI index
- Energy released
- 317MW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 5 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 2.2 mm on 15 Nov.
This area had burned before
No earlier perimeters overlap this fire since 2016, when the satellite record begins.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 Nov | 8.2 °C | 31 % | 19 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 8 |
| 6 Nov | 8.3 °C | 33 % | 18 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 7 |
| 7 Nov | 9.9 °C | 23 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 9 |
| 8 Nov | 10.9 °C | 21 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 10 |
| 9 Nov | 11.3 °C | 19 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 11 |
| 10 Nov | 10.5 °C | 20 % | 23 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 11 |
| 11 Nov | 10.8 °C | 14 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 13 |
| 12 Nov after | 9.9 °C | 21 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 14 |
| 13 Nov after | 9.8 °C | 18 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 13 |
| 14 Nov after | 9.6 °C | 16 % | 20 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 12 |
| 15 Nov after | 3.2 °C | 42 % | 25 km/h | 2.2 mm | Very low 1 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 14 November 2025 the air beside the fire reached 26 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 20: 1.3 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 45Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 1,565 haJolfaSeptember 2021 · 10 days · 14 km away
- 1,407 haJolfaJuly 2016 · 5 days · 18 km away
- 3,247 haJolfaOctober 2020 · 6 days · 27 km away
- 1,964 haKhoda AfarinAugust 2024 · 1 day · 38 km away
- 1,381 haKhoda Afarin17 July 2019 · 2 days · 39 km away
- 2,138 haKhoda Afarin20 August 2016 · 3 days · 40 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Jolfa fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 5 November 2025 and 11 November 2025: 7 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 1,653 hectares (16.5 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 11.3 °C, humidity dropped to 14 % and gusts hit 34 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 13, class Moderate.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Iran (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 125
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Open Data Commons Open Database License 1.0). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.