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Enna fire, 22 July 2025 Enna, Villarosa

Out · last detection 26 Jul 2025, 02:07 UTC

The fire started on 22 July 2025 in Enna, Italy, and satellites saw it burning for 4 days. Copernicus mapped a burnt perimeter of 1,098 hectares from satellite imagery, spread across 2 municipalities.

It is the 5th largest in Enna since 2016 (of 59 with a page). Number 7 in Italy in 2025, of 216.

Burnt area
1,098ha
Copernicus perimeter
Duration
4days
22 Jul 2025 – 25 Jul 2025
Municipalities hit
2
municipalities
Started on
22 Jul
2025
Heat detections
50
in a single hotspot: 45 MW
Danger at start
58
Extreme · FWI index
Energy released
467MW
sum of detected power

Where it burned

26 Jul 2025
HOTSPOTS BY DAY 22 Jul25 Jul

How it evolved, day by day

2223242526

Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.

The weather it burned in

39°high
46km/h · peak gust
12%lowest humidity

It had gone 17 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.

This area had burned before

No earlier perimeters overlap this fire since 2016, when the satellite record begins.

What happened to each town

  1. Enna 6,837 inhabitants · 20.5 km from the town where it started
    1,054 ha reached on 22 Jul
    2.9 %
  2. Villarosa 4,377 inhabitants · 3.7 km from the town
    45 ha reached on 23 Jul
    0.8 %

Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the official perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.

What burned

  • Agricultural areas35 %
  • Coniferous forest34 %
  • Sclerophyllous scrub13 %
  • Broadleaved forest9.5 %
  • Other natural land8.4 %

Natura 2000 protected area affected: 48 %

Natura 2000 sites (European Environment Agency, 2024 release) crossed by the perimeter.

Land cover inside the perimeter according to Corine Land Cover, as reported by Copernicus.

The weather day by day

ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.

Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)

Day High Min. humidity Peak gust Rain Danger (FWI)
22 Jul 39.2 °C 13 % 46 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 58
23 Jul 37.6 °C 12 % 41 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 55
24 Jul 38.2 °C 14 % 42 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 58
25 Jul 37.9 °C 12 % 38 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 54
26 Jul after 34.7 °C 19 % 48 km/h 0.1 mm Extreme 54
27 Jul after 28.8 °C 30 % 41 km/h 0.0 mm Very high 43
28 Jul after 30.0 °C 26 % 48 km/h 0.0 mm Very high 48
29 Jul after 26.8 °C 34 % 51 km/h 0.0 mm Very high 43
30 Jul after 28.5 °C 26 % 41 km/h 0.2 mm High 38
31 Jul after 29.6 °C 22 % 35 km/h 0.0 mm Very high 39
1 Aug after 30.6 °C 20 % 52 km/h 0.0 mm Very high 49
2 Aug after 31.1 °C 19 % 50 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 50
3 Aug after 32.2 °C 21 % 42 km/h 0.0 mm Very high 45
4 Aug after 29.0 °C 25 % 44 km/h 0.0 mm Very high 46

Before and after, from space

Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.

Before · 15 Jul 2025
After · 1 Aug 2025

If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.

The smoke

CAMS · Copernicus

On 20 July 2025 the air beside the fire reached 14 µg/m³ of PM2.5, but no daily average passed the WHO guideline (15).

PM2.5 peak14 µg/m³
Days over the guideline0 days
PM1035 µg/m³
Optical depth0.59
202122232425262728
Good Fair Moderate Poor Very poor Extremely poor

Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.

Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)

Detections table · 50Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
⬇ Download CSV Times in UTC. Each detection is a 375 m pixel: a large fire yields hundreds per pass.
Date and timeSatelliteFRP (MW)LatLon

Other fires nearby

All fires in Italy ›

Frequently asked questions

How long did the Enna fire last?
Copernicus dates it between 22 July 2025 and 25 July 2025: 4 days between the first and last image with fire.
How much area did it burn?
The perimeter Copernicus measured from satellite imagery is 1,098 hectares (11.0 km²). Official national figures may differ.
Which municipalities burned?
The fire entered 2 municipalities: Enna (1,054 ha, 2.9 %); Villarosa (45 ha, 0.8 %).
Did the fire reach a town?
The closest fire to a town centre came within 3.7 km of Villarosa. That is the distance to the perimeter or nearest hotspot; it does not mean it entered the houses.
What was the weather like?
During the fire the temperature reached 39.2 °C, humidity dropped to 12 % and gusts hit 46 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 58, class Extreme.
Where does this data come from?
From the EFFIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Italy (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.

Where to verify it

A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.

Emergency number: 112 · 1515

Satellite cross-check

Does something look wrong on this page?

This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.

Report an error
What do you think is wrong?

We will only use your email to reply about this report. Privacy. This is not an emergency service: if there is a fire now, call 112 · 1515.

Where this data comes from

The perimeter and land cover come from the Copernicus European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS), measured on MODIS and Sentinel-2 imagery and published under CC BY 4.0. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM4 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ slightly from each country’s official figure.