Burned area
satellite only39,611ha
Perimeter published by GWIS (Copernicus).
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus)
- Date
- 1 Sept 2025 – 8 Oct 2025
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page to compare it with.
AU · Australia · –
East Arnhem fire, 1 September 2025 East Arnhem
Out · last detection 8 Oct 2025, 05:02 UTC
The fire started on 1 September 2025 in East Arnhem, Australia, and satellites saw it burning for 38 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 39,611 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
This entry is probably a savanna fire in Australia’s tropical north, not a bushfire like those in the south of the country. Millions of hectares of northern savanna and grassland burn every year: much of it in burns lit on purpose early in the dry season (traditional fire management, parks and cattle stations), the rest in grass fires that return to the same ground every few years. This is our assumption, based on the location; it is not confirmed. That is why it is left out of the wildfire rankings.
Use this data
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Use this data
Fire page data · version 2026-10-26matches the official recordwith caveatssatellite onlymodel
When copying, the sentence is
Tick the figures you want: they make up the lede and the CSV.
Duration by satellite
satellite only38days
1 Sept 2025 to 8 Oct 2025: first and last day with fire on the page.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- last detection: 8 Oct 2025, 05:02 UTC
+− cross-check
Satellites pass a few times a day and cloud or smoke can hide the fire: a lack of detections is not an official extinction. Each country’s emergency service declares a fire contained or out.
Start
satellite only1 Sept 2025
First day with fire seen by the satellites or the perimeter.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- 1 Sept 2025
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page, so the alert time and the cause are not known here.
Hotspots
satellite only1,143
VIIRS detections at 375 m. Most intense hotspot: 242 MW.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (Suomi NPP)
- Date
- 1 Sept 2025 – 8 Oct 2025
+− cross-check
There is no official record to compare with. Each hotspot is a pixel detected in one satellite pass, not a separate fire.
The worst day
satellite only3,421MW
Total radiative power on 12 September 2025; hotspots that day: 235.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (FRP)
- Date
- 12 Sept 2025
+− cross-check
Fire radiative power (FRP) measures the energy the fire gives off when the satellite passes. Added up by day, it compares intensity, not area.
Danger at the start
model52.8FWI · extreme
Fire Weather Index (Canadian system) computed by WorldFires for the day the fire started. Consecutive days without rain before: 60.
- Source
- WorldFires calculation (Canadian FWI system)
- Date
- 1 Sept 2025, local noon
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
This is an index computed from weather model data, not a measurement of the fire nor an official warning. Danger warnings are issued by each country’s authority. Emergency number and official warnings
Weather during the fire
model36.8°C · 22% RH
High of 36.8 °C and minimum humidity of 22% on 3 October 2025; gusts of 54 km/h on 7 September 2025.
- Source
- weather model at the fire’s grid cell
- Date
- 1 Sept 2025 – 8 Oct 2025
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
These are model values for a cell of about 25 km, not from a weather station: they may differ from what was measured on the ground.
This page’s change log has been kept since 24 October 2026: every night what it publishes is compared and the difference is logged. Anything earlier is reconstructed from each source’s date and marked as reconstructed.
Show
-
· reconstructed weatherWeather and FWI computed from the ERA5 reanalysis
-
logStart date: 6 September 2025 → 1 September 2025.
-
· reconstructed GHSLPopulation and built-up area computed
What was saved on 26 October 2026
Every night a snapshot of what the page shows is saved. If anything changes, it appears in the list as a log entry.
- Area
- 39,611 ha
- Dates
- 1 Sept 2025 – 8 Oct 2025
- Name
- East Arnhem
- Official record
- —
Versioned permanent link
https://worldfires.org/en/fire/east-arnhem-2025-09?v=2026-10-26A version keeps the area, dates, name and official record; the area as it was logged (changes under 2% are not logged). The map, hotspots and weather always show today’s data.
Citation
A lede of about 60 words figures only, no adjectives
CSV for this fire east-arnhem-2025-09.csv · daily, no individual hotspots
| fecha | focos_viirs | frp_mw | tmax_c | tmin_c | hr_min_pct | viento_max_kmh | racha_max_kmh | precip_mm | fwi | clase_fwi | dentro_del_incendio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-09-01 | 5 | 43 | 31.7 | 19 | 29 | 19.3 | 47.2 | 0 | 52.8 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-09-02 | 46 | 1,726 | 32.8 | 18.7 | 21 | 18.8 | 41.8 | 0 | 60.3 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-09-03 | 20 | 207 | 32.5 | 17.4 | 18 | 15.5 | 37.8 | 0 | 57 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-09-04 | 4 | 19 | 31.4 | 19.1 | 46 | 16.3 | 34.9 | 0 | 41.4 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-05 | 1 | 1 | 31.3 | 22.9 | 53 | 16.5 | 34.6 | 0.3 | 36.7 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-06 | 6 | 38 | 31.8 | 23.4 | 53 | 21.5 | 46.4 | 0.5 | 44.2 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-07 | 4 | 4 | 31.5 | 23.4 | 52 | 27 | 54.4 | 0 | 48.4 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-08 | 5 | 26 | 32.7 | 24.5 | 46 | 23.6 | 50.4 | 0 | 43.6 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-09 | 3 | 1 | 33.2 | 22.5 | 40 | 15.3 | 35.6 | 0 | 34.9 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-10 | 56 | 761 | 33.3 | 21.9 | 36 | 17.6 | 37.1 | 0 | 41.4 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-11 | 114 | 1,372 | 34.4 | 21.1 | 33 | 21.4 | 45.7 | 0 | 47.4 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-12 | 235 | 3,421 | 33.8 | 22.1 | 27 | 22.7 | 52.2 | 0 | 60.4 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-09-13 | 215 | 2,149 | 32.9 | 22.7 | 29 | 22.2 | 50.8 | 0 | 61.8 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-09-14 | 30 | 257 | 32 | 21 | 44 | 18.9 | 44.6 | 0.5 | 46.3 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-15 | 19 | 114 | 32.9 | 22.5 | 32 | 18 | 38.5 | 0 | 40.1 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-16 | 27 | 477 | 32.4 | 21.2 | 34 | 19 | 41.4 | 0 | 39.3 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-17 | 38 | 362 | 33.2 | 21 | 30 | 17.4 | 37.1 | 0 | 48 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-18 | 11 | 43 | 32.6 | 21.8 | 57 | 16.7 | 41.4 | 0.7 | 32.1 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-19 | 3 | 23 | 34 | 24.1 | 46 | 19.5 | 49.3 | 0 | 41 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-20 | 1 | 1 | 34.5 | 23.6 | 39 | 15.3 | 33.8 | 0 | 34.3 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-21 | 10 | 62 | 33.6 | 24.1 | 44 | 13 | 34.6 | 0.5 | 34.9 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-22 | 22 | 178 | 35.6 | 23.5 | 29 | 21.5 | 42.8 | 0 | 55.1 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-09-23 | 42 | 256 | 33.6 | 22.9 | 33 | 23.8 | 51.8 | 0 | 66.5 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-09-24 | 27 | 181 | 32.4 | 23.3 | 42 | 19.8 | 46.8 | 0.4 | 52.8 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-09-25 | 13 | 13 | 32.8 | 23.3 | 41 | 19.5 | 43.9 | 0.1 | 46.2 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-26 | 9 | 19 | 32.6 | 22.8 | 38 | 15.7 | 36.4 | 0 | 41 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-27 | 5 | 24 | 31.6 | 21.9 | 45 | 17.6 | 41 | 0 | 41 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-28 | 9 | 52 | 33.7 | 22.1 | 37 | 20 | 44.3 | 0 | 32.6 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-29 | 11 | 72 | 33 | 22 | 41 | 14.3 | 32.4 | 0 | 38.3 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-30 | 3 | 18 | 33.1 | 22.5 | 46 | 12.3 | 31.7 | 0 | 38.8 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-01 | 14 | 43 | 32.7 | 23.5 | 50 | 13.6 | 32.4 | 0.2 | 37.2 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-02 | 26 | 58 | 33.5 | 23.8 | 43 | 12.5 | 31.3 | 0 | 34.9 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-03 | 23 | 222 | 36.8 | 23.8 | 22 | 12.3 | 38.9 | 0 | 46.1 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-04 | 41 | 345 | 36.7 | 23.8 | 22 | 16 | 36.4 | 0 | 57.3 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-05 | 37 | 1,074 | 33.2 | 22.1 | 56 | 18.7 | 45.7 | 0.6 | 38.3 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-06 | 3 | 11 | 32.7 | 24.1 | 44 | 16.2 | 38.9 | 0.3 | 39.2 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-07 | 1 | 1 | 34.4 | 22.7 | 33 | 18.8 | 40.7 | 0 | 41.5 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-08 | 4 | 42 | 32.4 | 22.8 | 51 | 15.4 | 34.6 | 1.1 | 34.2 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-09 | 0 | 0 | 32.1 | 25.6 | 57 | 14 | 38.2 | 5.8 | 25.3 | alto | 0 |
It is generated in your browser from this page’s data: one file per fire, aggregated by day and without individual hotspots.
Live widget for your story
It updates itself while the fire is still active and links to this page. Free, with the attribution shown at the bottom.
Sources for this page: GWIS (Copernicus), NASA FIRMS (VIIRS), ERA5 (ECMWF/Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0), GHSL (JRC). Open-Meteo.com · How we build fire pages: methodology
- Burnt area
- 39,611ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 38days
- 1 Sept 2025 – 8 Oct 2025
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- local government areas
- Started on
- 1 Sept
- 2025
- Heat detections
- 1,143
- in a single hotspot: 242 MW
- Danger at start
- 53
- Extreme · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 361MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
HOTSPOTS BY DAY
1 Sept8 Oct
8 Oct 2025
How it evolved, day by day
1 Sept
12 Sept
25 Sept
3 Oct
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
37°high
54km/h · peak gust
18%lowest humidity
It had gone more than two months without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 5.8 mm on 9 Oct.
This area had burned before
100% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 9,798 ha in 2016, 21,866 ha in 2017, 18,280 ha in 2018, 17,903 ha in 2019, 12,323 ha in 2020, 20,303 ha in 2021, 19,500 ha in 2022, 25,060 ha in 2023, 9,251 ha in 2024. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 39,479 ha that had burned before.
- 17,918 ha East Arnhem fire, August 2023 21,620 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 10,652 ha East Arnhem fire, August 2017 16,384 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 8,970 ha East Arnhem fire, October 2019 10,990 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 7,904 ha East Arnhem fire, August 2022 16,875 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 4,830 ha East Arnhem fire, September 2018 5,863 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 3,770 ha East Arnhem fire, July 2016 5,033 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 3,150 ha East Arnhem fire, September 2018 5,611 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,743 ha East Arnhem fire, September 2024 8,387 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
East Arnhem where it started39,799 ha reached on 1 Sept1.2 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2025Built-up area0.16 ha
Residents< 20
Inside the perimeter there were about 0.16 hectares of built-up land and almost nobody lived there (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
Started with Extreme FWI: 43 % of the area in Australia 60 days without rain: 8.2 % of the area in Australia
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sept | 31.7 °C | 29 % | 47 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 53 |
| 2 Sept | 32.8 °C | 21 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 3 Sept | 32.5 °C | 18 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 4 Sept | 31.4 °C | 46 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 41 |
| 5 Sept | 31.3 °C | 53 % | 35 km/h | 0.3 mm | High 37 |
| 6 Sept | 31.8 °C | 53 % | 46 km/h | 0.5 mm | Very high 44 |
| 7 Sept | 31.5 °C | 52 % | 54 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 48 |
| 8 Sept | 32.7 °C | 46 % | 50 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 44 |
| 9 Sept | 33.2 °C | 40 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 10 Sept | 33.3 °C | 36 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 41 |
| 11 Sept | 34.4 °C | 33 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 47 |
| 12 Sept | 33.8 °C | 27 % | 52 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 13 Sept | 32.9 °C | 29 % | 51 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 62 |
| 14 Sept | 32.0 °C | 44 % | 45 km/h | 0.5 mm | Very high 46 |
| 15 Sept | 32.9 °C | 32 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 40 |
| 16 Sept | 32.4 °C | 34 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 17 Sept | 33.2 °C | 30 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 48 |
| 18 Sept | 32.6 °C | 57 % | 41 km/h | 0.7 mm | High 32 |
| 19 Sept | 34.0 °C | 46 % | 49 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 41 |
| 20 Sept | 34.5 °C | 39 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 21 Sept | 33.6 °C | 44 % | 35 km/h | 0.5 mm | High 35 |
| 22 Sept | 35.6 °C | 29 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 55 |
| 23 Sept | 33.6 °C | 33 % | 52 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 66 |
| 24 Sept | 32.4 °C | 42 % | 47 km/h | 0.4 mm | Extreme 53 |
| 25 Sept | 32.8 °C | 41 % | 44 km/h | 0.1 mm | Very high 46 |
| 26 Sept | 32.6 °C | 38 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 41 |
| 27 Sept | 31.6 °C | 45 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 41 |
| 28 Sept | 33.7 °C | 37 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 29 Sept | 33.0 °C | 41 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 38 |
| 30 Sept | 33.1 °C | 46 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 1 Oct | 32.7 °C | 50 % | 32 km/h | 0.2 mm | High 37 |
| 2 Oct | 33.5 °C | 43 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 3 Oct | 36.8 °C | 22 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 46 |
| 4 Oct | 36.7 °C | 22 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 5 Oct | 33.2 °C | 56 % | 46 km/h | 0.6 mm | Very high 38 |
| 6 Oct | 32.7 °C | 44 % | 39 km/h | 0.3 mm | Very high 39 |
| 7 Oct | 34.4 °C | 33 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 42 |
| 8 Oct | 32.4 °C | 51 % | 35 km/h | 1.1 mm | High 34 |
| 9 Oct after | 32.1 °C | 57 % | 38 km/h | 5.8 mm | High 25 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
↔
Before · 25 Aug 2025
After · 15 Oct 2025
Sentinel-2 did not pass over on that day. Try another date, or use false colour, which is daily.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 18 September 2025 the air beside the fire reached 47 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 15: 1.0 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
PM2.5 peak47 µg/m³
Days over the guideline1 day
PM1049 µg/m³
Optical depth0.38
WHO 15
4 Sept12 Sept20 Sept28 Sept6 Oct
Good
Fair
Moderate
Poor
Very poor
Extremely poor
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 1,143Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
⬇ Download CSV
Times in UTC. Each detection is a 375 m pixel: a large fire yields hundreds per pass.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 21,620 haEast ArnhemAugust 2023 · 36 days · 5 km away
- 16,384 haEast Arnhem19 August 2017 · 23 days · 5 km away
- 16,875 haEast Arnhem29 August 2022 · 21 days · 12 km away
- 18,532 haEast Arnhem10 August 2020 · 37 days · 16 km away
- 16,578 haEast Arnhem17 September 2018 · 58 days · 20 km away
- 16,578 haEast Arnhem9 August 2024 · 13 days · 37 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the East Arnhem fire last?
- According to the heat detections seen by satellite inside the perimeter, it burned from 1 September 2025 to 8 October 2025 (38 days). The perimeter dates it from 6 September 2025 to 8 October 2025.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 39,611 hectares (396.1 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered East Arnhem (39,799 ha, 1.2 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 36.8 °C, humidity dropped to 18 % and gusts hit 54 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 66, class Extreme.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Australia (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 000 · Emergency number and official warnings
Satellite cross-check
History of this page · 1 Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
- Start date: 6 September 2025 → 1 September 2025.
RSS Changes to this page With cross-checks and a citable version
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
- Dates adjusted with the VIIRS detections inside the perimeter, which said 6 September 2025 to 8 October 2025. 1,143 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
- Probably a vegetation burn: not counted in the totals.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.