Dondo fire, October 2021 Dondo, Muanza
The fire started on 28 October 2021 in Dondo, Mozambique, and satellites saw it burning for 13 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 10,813 hectares from heat detections, spread across 2 municipalities.
It is the 29th largest in Sofala since 2016 (of 214 with a page). Number 15 in Mozambique in 2021, of 233.
- Burnt area
- 10,813ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 13days
- 28 Oct 2021 – 9 Nov 2021
- Municipalities hit
- 2
- districts
- Started on
- 28 Oct
- 2021
- Heat detections
- 501
- in a single hotspot: 163 MW
- Danger at start
- 10
- Low · FWI index
- Energy released
- 5.3GW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 2 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 1.3 mm on 20 Nov.
This area had burned before
80% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 1,932 ha in 2016, 295 ha in 2017, 275 ha in 2018, 8,286 ha in 2019, 1,226 ha in 2020. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 8,656 ha that had burned before.
What happened to each town
-
Dondo where it started10,544 ha reached on 23 Oct4.5 %
-
328 ha reached on 23 Oct0.0 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 23 Oct | 33.2 °C | 45 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 10 |
| 24 Oct | 34.5 °C | 51 % | 49 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 13 |
| 25 Oct | 28.5 °C | 66 % | 41 km/h | 1.7 mm | Very low 3 |
| 26 Oct | 27.8 °C | 68 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very low 5 |
| 27 Oct | 28.0 °C | 59 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 8 |
| 28 Oct | 26.1 °C | 64 % | 47 km/h | 0.6 mm | Low 8 |
| 29 Oct | 27.9 °C | 45 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 10 |
| 30 Oct | 30.2 °C | 42 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 13 |
| 31 Oct | 30.1 °C | 49 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 14 |
| 1 Nov | 31.9 °C | 48 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 14 |
| 2 Nov | 36.4 °C | 43 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 17 |
| 3 Nov | 32.9 °C | 61 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 16 |
| 4 Nov | 30.3 °C | 58 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 14 |
| 5 Nov | 33.1 °C | 47 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 16 |
| 6 Nov | 31.5 °C | 54 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 14 |
| 7 Nov | 33.2 °C | 42 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 17 |
| 8 Nov | 35.6 °C | 36 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 21 |
| 9 Nov | 36.1 °C | 50 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 20 |
| 10 Nov after | 29.0 °C | 72 % | 54 km/h | 0.7 mm | Moderate 14 |
| 11 Nov after | 30.6 °C | 67 % | 38 km/h | 1.7 mm | Low 6 |
| 12 Nov after | 30.4 °C | 59 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 10 |
| 13 Nov after | 32.7 °C | 52 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 16 |
| 14 Nov after | 33.4 °C | 52 % | 42 km/h | 0.5 mm | Moderate 17 |
| 15 Nov after | 33.9 °C | 52 % | 41 km/h | 0.4 mm | Moderate 18 |
| 16 Nov after | 36.2 °C | 35 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 24 |
| 17 Nov after | 37.7 °C | 39 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 27 |
| 18 Nov after | 41.4 °C | 27 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 19 Nov after | 30.5 °C | 58 % | 52 km/h | 0.1 mm | High 24 |
| 20 Nov after | 31.1 °C | 65 % | 38 km/h | 1.3 mm | Low 10 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
Detections table · 501Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Dondo fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 28 October 2021 and 9 November 2021: 13 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 10,813 hectares (108.1 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 2 municipalities: Dondo (10,544 ha, 4.5 %); Muanza (328 ha, 0.0 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 36.4 °C, humidity dropped to 35 % and gusts hit 54 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 24, class High.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Mozambique (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.