Dembo fire, December 2025 Dembo
The fire started on 31 December 2025 in Dembo, Cameroon, and satellites saw it burning for 9 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 3,574 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 83th largest in North since 2016 (of 1648 with a page). Number 57 in Cameroon in 2025, of 396.
The power measured by the satellite is low (11.2 MW in the strongest hotspot), more typical of grass or stubble burning, or a slow surface fire, than of a large crown fire.
- Burnt area
- 3,574ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 9days
- 31 Dec 2025 – 8 Jan 2026
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- communes
- Started on
- 31 Dec
- 2025
- Heat detections
- 75
- in a single hotspot: 11 MW
- Danger at start
- 53
- Extreme · FWI index
- Energy released
- 225MW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone more than two months without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
59% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 1,435 ha in 2018, 918 ha in 2020, 1,066 ha in 2024. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 2,121 ha that had burned before.
- 1,435 ha Dembo fire, January 2018 1,509 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,066 ha Dembo fire, January 2024 1,110 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 918 ha Dembo fire, January 2020 1,138 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
What happened to each town
-
Dembo where it started3,596 ha reached on 28 Dec5.9 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31 Dec | 36.1 °C | 12 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 53 |
| 1 Jan | 35.9 °C | 12 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 59 |
| 2 Jan | 35.3 °C | 11 % | 47 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 67 |
| 3 Jan | 35.2 °C | 9 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 4 Jan | 34.6 °C | 7 % | 25 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 53 |
| 5 Jan | 34.2 °C | 9 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 59 |
| 6 Jan | 35.0 °C | 5 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 7 Jan | 35.5 °C | 8 % | 22 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 53 |
| 8 Jan | 34.6 °C | 10 % | 20 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 52 |
| 9 Jan after | 34.2 °C | 9 % | 21 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 55 |
| 10 Jan after | 31.6 °C | 12 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 51 |
| 11 Jan after | 31.7 °C | 17 % | 19 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 12 Jan after | 32.5 °C | 9 % | 21 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 13 Jan after | 33.2 °C | 10 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 49 |
| 14 Jan after | 32.2 °C | 12 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 54 |
| 15 Jan after | 32.4 °C | 11 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 53 |
| 16 Jan after | 33.9 °C | 10 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 54 |
| 17 Jan after | 34.4 °C | 8 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 18 Jan after | 34.8 °C | 7 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 11 January 2026 the air beside the fire reached 87 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 62: 4.1 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 75Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 2,055 haDembo6 February 2026 · 4 days · 12 km away
- 2,899 haMayo-Oulo9 February 2026 · 4 days · 19 km away
- 2,080 haBaschéoJanuary 2024 · 4 days · 20 km away
- 2,076 haMayo-Oulo12 February 2016 · 4 days · 20 km away
- 3,310 haMayo-OuloJanuary 2018 · 5 days · 25 km away
- 3,283 haMayo-Oulo31 January 2026 · 7 days · 35 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Dembo fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 31 December 2025 and 8 January 2026: 9 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 3,574 hectares (35.7 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Dembo (3,596 ha, 5.9 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 36.1 °C, humidity dropped to 5 % and gusts hit 47 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 67, class Extreme.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Cameroon (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM3 (Open Data Commons Open Database License 1.0). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.