Custonaci fire, July 2021 Custonaci, Castellammare del Golfo, San Vito Lo Capo
The fire started on 4 July 2021 in Custonaci, Italy, and satellites saw it burning for 2 days. Copernicus mapped a burnt perimeter of 360 hectares from satellite imagery, spread across 3 municipalities.
It is the 21th largest in Trapani since 2016 (of 68 with a page). Number 76 in Italy in 2021, of 291.
The power measured by the satellite is low (7.5 MW in the strongest hotspot), more typical of grass or stubble burning, or a slow surface fire, than of a large crown fire.
Compare with…
- Burnt area
- 360ha
- Copernicus perimeter
- Duration
- 2days
- 4 Jul 2021 – 5 Jul 2021
- Municipalities hit
- 3
- municipalities
- Started on
- 4 Jul
- 2021
- Heat detections
- 12
- in a single hotspot: 8 MW
- Danger at start
- 45
- Very high · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 46MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
5 Jul 2021 · 46 MW · 12
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 26 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
73% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 233 ha in 2017, 48 ha in 2019, 26 ha in 2020. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 262 ha that had burned before.
- 233 ha Custonaci fire, July 2017 3,195 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 26 ha Custonaci fire, August 2020 112 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 4 ha Castellammare del Golfo fire, August 2019 226 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
What happened to each town
-
336 ha reached on 5 Jul4.8 %
-
Castellammare del Golfo 14,610 inhabitants · 8.3 km from the centre21 ha0.2 %
-
San Vito Lo Capo 4,814 inhabitants · 11.3 km from the centre4 ha reached on 5 Jul0.1 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the official perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
What burned
- Other natural land58 %
- Sclerophyllous scrub23 %
- Agricultural areas11 %
- Coniferous forest8.1 %
Natura 2000 protected area affected: 96 %
- LIC Capo San Vito, Monte Monaco, Zingaro, Faraglioni Scopello, Monte Sparacio ITA010017
- ZEPA Monte Cofano, Capo San Vito e Monte Sparagio ITA010029
Natura 2000 sites (European Environment Agency, 2024 release) crossed by the perimeter.
Land cover inside the perimeter according to Corine Land Cover, as reported by Copernicus.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 Jul | 30.7 °C | 24 % | 48 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 5 Jul | 27.4 °C | 48 % | 47 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 6 Jul after | 30.6 °C | 31 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 29 |
| 7 Jul after | 30.3 °C | 35 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 29 |
| 8 Jul after | 33.7 °C | 23 % | 51 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 40 |
| 9 Jul after | 29.1 °C | 44 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 10 Jul after | 27.7 °C | 35 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 11 Jul after | 28.2 °C | 35 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 12 Jul after | 31.5 °C | 30 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 29 |
| 13 Jul after | 30.7 °C | 32 % | 51 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 42 |
| 14 Jul after | 25.5 °C | 43 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 15 Jul after | 25.9 °C | 40 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 30 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 4 July 2021 the air beside the fire reached 26 µg/m³ of PM2.5, but no daily average passed the WHO guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 12Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Custonaci fire last?
- Copernicus dates it between 4 July 2021 and 5 July 2021: 2 days between the first and last image with fire.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter Copernicus measured from satellite imagery is 360 hectares (3.6 km²). Official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 3 municipalities: Custonaci (336 ha, 4.8 %); Castellammare del Golfo (21 ha, 0.2 %); San Vito Lo Capo (4 ha, 0.1 %).
- Did the fire reach a town?
- The fire came within 8.3 km of the centre of Castellammare del Golfo, the closest of the areas it touched. That is the distance from the perimeter, or the nearest hotspot, to the point marking the centre; it does not mean it entered the houses.
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 30.7 °C, humidity dropped to 24 % and gusts hit 48 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 45, class Very high.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the EFFIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Italy (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 112 · 1515 · Emergency number and official warnings ›
Satellite cross-check
History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
No changes since 24 October 2026.
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: EFFIS (Copernicus), mapped on satellite imagery.
- Dates from the perimeter: the VIIRS detections inside it did not change them. 12 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter and land cover come from the Copernicus European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS), measured on MODIS and Sentinel-2 imagery and published under CC BY 4.0. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM4 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ slightly from each country’s official figure.