Celica fire, December 2021 Celica
The fire started on 20 December 2021 in Celica, Ecuador, and satellites saw it burning for 2 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 1,319 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 16th largest in Loja since 2016 (of 21 with a page). The only fire in Ecuador with a page in 2021.
The power measured by the satellite is low (18.0 MW in the strongest hotspot), more typical of grass or stubble burning, or a slow surface fire, than of a large crown fire.
- Burnt area
- 1,319ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 2days
- 20 Dec 2021 – 21 Dec 2021
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- cantons
- Started on
- 20 Dec
- 2021
- Heat detections
- 36
- in a single hotspot: 18 MW
- Danger at start
- 7
- Low · FWI index
- Energy released
- 123MW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone one day without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
No earlier perimeters overlap this fire since 2016, when the satellite record begins.
What happened to each town
-
Celica where it started1,327 ha reached on 14 Dec2.5 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 Dec | 29.0 °C | 43 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 7 |
| 21 Dec | 30.9 °C | 35 % | 25 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 8 |
| 22 Dec after | 29.8 °C | 41 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 10 |
| 23 Dec after | 29.4 °C | 39 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 10 |
| 24 Dec after | 30.7 °C | 29 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 13 |
| 25 Dec after | 31.5 °C | 29 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 14 |
| 26 Dec after | 32.4 °C | 28 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 14 |
| 27 Dec after | 31.7 °C | 31 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 16 |
| 28 Dec after | 29.8 °C | 32 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 16 |
| 29 Dec after | 28.3 °C | 33 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 16 |
| 30 Dec after | 31.0 °C | 30 % | 39 km/h | 0.1 mm | Moderate 17 |
| 31 Dec after | 31.9 °C | 32 % | 36 km/h | 0.2 mm | Moderate 17 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
Detections table · 36Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 1,120 haPindalDecember 2025 · 6 days · 13 km away
- 17,856 haPindalSeptember 2019 · 1 day · 14 km away
- 1,267 haPuyangoSeptember 2019 · 1 day · 23 km away
- 3,920 haZapotillo18 September 2019 · 1 day · 29 km away
- 1,130 haZarumillaDecember 2025 · 3 days · 34 km away
- 2,155 haZapotillo18 September 2019 · 1 day · 37 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Celica fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 20 December 2021 and 21 December 2021: 2 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 1,319 hectares (13.2 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Celica (1,327 ha, 2.5 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 30.9 °C, humidity dropped to 35 % and gusts hit 40 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 8, class Low.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Ecuador (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 911
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.