How long did the Battle Mountain Complex last?

The official perimeter only gives the start date (18 July 2024). The end comes from the heat detections inside the perimeter: it burned until 23 July 2024 (6 days from 18 July 2024), the last day with detections before more than 10 days in a row without any, so it is approximate.

How much area did it burn?

The official perimeter published by United States agencies (MTBS / NIFC) is 73,049 hectares (730.5 km²). Other tallies, such as daily incident reports, may give slightly different figures.

Which counties burned?

The fire entered 3 counties: Grant (47,118 ha, 4.0 %); Morrow (17,676 ha, 3.3 %); Umatilla (8,399 ha, 1.0 %).

What was the weather like?

During the fire the temperature reached 37.1 °C, humidity dropped to 16 % and gusts hit 41 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 52, class Extreme.

Where does this data come from?

From the official burnt perimeter of United States agencies (MTBS / NIFC, public domain), NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of United States. It is not an official report.

US · United States · 2024-07-18 → 2024-07-23

Battle Mountain Complex, July 2024 Grant, Morrow, Umatilla

Out · last detection 23 Jul 2024, 21:57 UTC

The fire started on 18 July 2024 in Grant, United States, and satellites saw it burning for 6 days. United States agencies (MTBS / NIFC) mapped an official burnt perimeter of 73,049 hectares, spread across 3 counties.

It is the 9th largest in Oregon since 2016 (of 327 with a page). Number 7 in United States in 2024, of 371.

Compare with…

Suggestions: 163 Hk Complex · 2019 Bologna · 2026 Courtrock · 2024 Nf Owens · 2024

Burnt area: 73,049ha; official perimeter (MTBS / NIFC)
Duration: ≈ 6days; 18 Jul 2024 – 23 Jul 2024
Counties hit: 3; counties
Started on: 18 Jul; 2024
Heat detections: 3,878; in a single hotspot: 245 MW
Danger at start: 47; Very high · FWI index
Average daily power: 5.3GW; detected power per day, on average

HOTSPOTS BY DAY 18 Jul23 Jul

Play back 23 Jul 2024

How it evolved, day by day

18 Jul 19 Jul 20 Jul 21 Jul 22 Jul 23 Jul

Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.

The weather it burned in

37°high

41km/h · peak gust

16%lowest humidity

It had gone 30 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 5.2 mm on 29 Jul.

This area had burned before

0% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 358 ha in 2019.

358 ha 163 Hk Complex fire, August 2019 849 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire

How big is it?

It burned the equivalent of 46% of the area of London (730 km² against 1,583 km²).

London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).

This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.

What happened to each county

Grant where it started

47,118 ha reached on 18 Jul

4.0 %
Morrow

17,676 ha reached on 18 Jul

3.3 %
Umatilla

8,399 ha reached on 18 Jul

1.0 %

Burnt area inside each county, from crossing the official perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.

People and buildings inside the perimeter

GHSL 2025

Built-up area3.5 ha

Residents≈ 70

Inside the perimeter there were about 3.5 hectares of built-up land and about 70 residents (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).

This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.

Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu

The weather day by day

ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.

Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)

Day	High	Min. humidity	Peak gust	Rain	Danger (FWI)
18 Jul	35.3 °C	21 %	30 km/h	0.0 mm	Very high 47
19 Jul	34.2 °C	19 %	29 km/h	0.0 mm	Very high 47
20 Jul	37.1 °C	18 %	38 km/h	0.0 mm	Extreme 52
21 Jul	36.6 °C	26 %	37 km/h	0.0 mm	Very high 44
22 Jul	35.1 °C	28 %	41 km/h	0.0 mm	Extreme 52
23 Jul	33.5 °C	16 %	24 km/h	0.0 mm	Very high 42
24 Jul after	33.5 °C	23 %	43 km/h	0.0 mm	Extreme 50
25 Jul after	25.3 °C	26 %	39 km/h	0.0 mm	Very high 41
26 Jul after	28.6 °C	25 %	27 km/h	0.0 mm	Very high 39
27 Jul after	28.7 °C	23 %	31 km/h	0.0 mm	Very high 40
28 Jul after	28.8 °C	30 %	33 km/h	0.0 mm	High 36
29 Jul after	25.9 °C	42 %	39 km/h	5.2 mm	Low 6

Before and after, from space

Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.

↔

Before · 11 Jul 2024

After · 30 Jul 2024

Before After

If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.

The smoke

CAMS · Copernicus

On 21 July 2024 the air beside the fire reached 92 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 46: 3.1 times the WHO daily guideline (15).

PM2.5 peak92 µg/m³

Days over the guideline3 days

PM10133 µg/m³

Optical depth1.91

WHO 15

161718192021

Good Fair Moderate Poor Very poor Extremely poor

Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.

Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)

Detections table · 3,878Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.

⬇ Download CSV Times in UTC. Each detection is a 375 m pixel: a large fire yields hundreds per pass.

Date and time	Satellite	FRP (MW)	Lat	Lon

Other fires nearby

All fires in United States ›

Frequently asked questions

How long did the Battle Mountain Complex last?: The official perimeter only gives the start date (18 July 2024). The end comes from the heat detections inside the perimeter: it burned until 23 July 2024 (6 days from 18 July 2024), the last day with detections before more than 10 days in a row without any, so it is approximate.
How much area did it burn?: The official perimeter published by United States agencies (MTBS / NIFC) is 73,049 hectares (730.5 km²). Other tallies, such as daily incident reports, may give slightly different figures.
Which counties burned?: The fire entered 3 counties: Grant (47,118 ha, 4.0 %); Morrow (17,676 ha, 3.3 %); Umatilla (8,399 ha, 1.0 %).
What was the weather like?: During the fire the temperature reached 37.1 °C, humidity dropped to 16 % and gusts hit 41 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 52, class Extreme.
Where does this data come from?: From the official burnt perimeter of United States agencies (MTBS / NIFC, public domain), NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of United States. It is not an official report.

Where to verify it

A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.

Emergency number: 911 · Emergency number and official warnings ›

Satellite cross-check

NASA FIRMS ↗
NIFC · Fire maps ↗

History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.

No changes since 24 October 2026.

RSS Changes to this page

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This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.

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What really happened?

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How we know this

Perimeter: MTBS (US Geological Survey and US Forest Service), official.
The official perimeter has no end date: the end is the last day with VIIRS detections inside the perimeter before a gap of more than 10 days (150 days at most), so it is approximate. 3,878 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
We have not matched this page with any official record.
Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.

How we build fire pages: methodology ›

Where this data comes from

The perimeter is official and in the public domain. For past years it comes from MTBS (Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity), run by the U.S. Geological Survey and the USDA Forest Service, which map it on Landsat and Sentinel-2 imagery. For the current and last year it comes from WFIGS at the National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC): incident perimeters mapped by fire crews, aircraft and imagery. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. County boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Public Domain). The area per county is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ slightly from official figures.

Where it burned