Bandafassi fire, 20 December 2022 Bandafassi
The fire started on 20 December 2022 in Bandafassi, Senegal, and satellites saw it burning for 6 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 8,731 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 16th largest in Kédougou since 2016 (of 116 with a page). Number 6 in Senegal in 2022, of 90.
Compare with…
- Burnt area
- 8,731ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 6days
- 20 Dec 2022 – 25 Dec 2022
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- districts
- Started on
- 20 Dec
- 2022
- Heat detections
- 212
- in a single hotspot: 76 MW
- Danger at start
- 50
- Extreme · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 270MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 57 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
77% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 498 ha in 2017, 517 ha in 2019, 5,275 ha in 2020, 2,438 ha in 2021. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 6,759 ha that had burned before.
- 4,554 ha Bandafassi fire, February 2020 14,503 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,362 ha Bandafassi fire, February 2021 7,027 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 721 ha Bandafassi fire, December 2020 4,972 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 498 ha Bandafassi fire, January 2017 3,004 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
Bandafassi where it started8,791 ha reached on 20 Dec1.5 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2020Inside the perimeter there was no noticeable built-up land and almost nobody lived there (GHSL 2020, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 Dec | 36.2 °C | 17 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 50 |
| 21 Dec | 33.2 °C | 18 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 48 |
| 22 Dec | 32.8 °C | 19 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 50 |
| 23 Dec | 33.3 °C | 19 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 52 |
| 24 Dec | 34.2 °C | 23 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 47 |
| 25 Dec | 34.9 °C | 19 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 47 |
| 26 Dec after | 35.1 °C | 22 % | 25 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 40 |
| 27 Dec after | 33.8 °C | 28 % | 24 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 28 Dec after | 30.1 °C | 36 % | 28 km/h | 0.5 mm | High 34 |
| 29 Dec after | 28.6 °C | 31 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 30 Dec after | 29.3 °C | 30 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 31 Dec after | 34.3 °C | 21 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 44 |
| 1 Jan after | 35.1 °C | 20 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 46 |
| 2 Jan after | 33.9 °C | 22 % | 26 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 3 Jan after | 35.5 °C | 18 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 50 |
| 4 Jan after | 35.2 °C | 16 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 49 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
Detections table · 212Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Bandafassi fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 20 December 2022 and 25 December 2022: 6 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 8,731 hectares (87.3 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Bandafassi (8,791 ha, 1.5 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 36.2 °C, humidity dropped to 17 % and gusts hit 41 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 52, class Extreme.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Senegal (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 18 · Emergency number and official warnings ›
Satellite cross-check
History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
No changes since 24 October 2026.
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery; 2 polygons grouped in this page.
- Dates from the perimeter: the VIIRS detections inside it did not change them. 212 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2020, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM3 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.