Ayod fire, 31 January 2026 Ayod
The fire started on 31 January 2026 in Ayod, South Sudan, and satellites saw it burning for 11 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 14,156 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 67th largest in Jonglei since 2016 (of 427 with a page). Number 27 in South Sudan in 2026, of 183.
- Burnt area
- 14,156ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 11days
- 31 Jan 2026 – 10 Feb 2026
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- counties
- Started on
- 31 Jan
- 2026
- Heat detections
- 160
- in a single hotspot: 194 MW
- Danger at start
- 62
- Extreme · FWI index
- Energy released
- 4.4GW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone more than two months without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
72% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 3,259 ha in 2016, 1,064 ha in 2017, 4,635 ha in 2018, 2,649 ha in 2019, 1,020 ha in 2020, 1,946 ha in 2021, 1,630 ha in 2022, 4,537 ha in 2023, 1,995 ha in 2024. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 10,166 ha that had burned before.
What happened to each town
-
Ayod where it started14,253 ha reached on 28 Jan1.0 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31 Jan | 37.3 °C | 13 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 62 |
| 1 Feb | 35.6 °C | 12 % | 24 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 52 |
| 2 Feb | 37.8 °C | 16 % | 20 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 3 Feb | 38.7 °C | 12 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 61 |
| 4 Feb | 39.4 °C | 14 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 5 Feb | 36.6 °C | 15 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 59 |
| 6 Feb | 37.6 °C | 14 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 51 |
| 7 Feb | 38.5 °C | 13 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 8 Feb | 38.7 °C | 12 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 61 |
| 9 Feb | 38.5 °C | 11 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 50 |
| 10 Feb | 35.8 °C | 19 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 11 Feb after | 38.5 °C | 15 % | 18 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 47 |
| 12 Feb after | 37.2 °C | 12 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 50 |
| 13 Feb after | 39.0 °C | 11 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 54 |
| 14 Feb after | 39.4 °C | 13 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 15 Feb after | 39.6 °C | 10 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 16 Feb after | 39.2 °C | 21 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 49 |
| 17 Feb after | 40.1 °C | 15 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 47 |
| 18 Feb after | 40.6 °C | 13 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 19 Feb after | 36.4 °C | 15 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 20 Feb after | 37.7 °C | 17 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 52 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 1 February 2026 the air beside the fire reached 42 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 33: 2.2 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 160Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Ayod fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 31 January 2026 and 10 February 2026: 11 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 14,156 hectares (141.6 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Ayod (14,253 ha, 1.0 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 39.4 °C, humidity dropped to 11 % and gusts hit 45 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 62, class Extreme.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of South Sudan (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.