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Aïn Smara fire, August 2019 عين سمارة · Aïn Smara, Constantine, Ibn Ziad

Out · last detection 7 Aug 2019, 11:22 UTC

The fire started on 3 August 2019 in Aïn Smara, Algeria, and satellites saw it burning for 5 days. Copernicus mapped a burnt perimeter of 2,491 hectares from satellite imagery, spread across 3 municipalities.

It is the 6th largest in Constantine since 2016 (of 31 with a page). Number 3 in Algeria in 2019, of 78.

Compare with…

Suggestions: Aïn Smara · 2026Constantine · 2019El Khroub · 2021Grarem Gouga · 2026

Burnt area
2,491ha
Copernicus perimeter
Duration
5days
3 Aug 2019 – 7 Aug 2019
Municipalities hit
3
communes
Started on
3 Aug
2019
Heat detections
104
in a single hotspot: 125 MW
Danger at start
51
Extreme · FWI index
Average daily power
291MW
detected power per day, on average

Where it burned

HOTSPOTS BY DAY 3 Aug7 Aug
7 Aug 2019

How it evolved, day by day

3 Aug 2019 · 189 MW · 31 4 Aug 2019 · 63 MW · 2 5 Aug 2019 · 58 MW · 5 6 Aug 2019 · 1,044 MW · 39 7 Aug 2019 · 99 MW · 27
3 Aug 4 Aug 5 Aug 6 Aug 7 Aug

Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.

The weather it burned in

40°high
72km/h · peak gust
9%lowest humidity

It had gone 15 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 1.1 mm on 13 Aug.

This area had burned before

No earlier perimeters overlap this fire since 2016, when the satellite record begins.

How big is it?

10 km
It burned the equivalent of 1.6% of the area of London (25 km² against 1,583 km²).

London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).

This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.

What happened to each town

  1. Aïn Smara عين سمارة 36,998 inhabitants · 4.4 km from the centre where it started
    1,218 ha reached on 3 Aug
    8.4 %
  2. Constantine الخروب 179,033 inhabitants · 17.0 km from the centre
    641 ha reached on 7 Aug
    3.5 %
  3. Ibn Ziad بلدية ابن زياد 18,861 inhabitants · 4.2 km from the centre
    638 ha reached on 3 Aug
    4.3 %

Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the official perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.

What burned

  • Other natural land54 %
  • Mixed forest34 %
  • Agricultural areas13 %

Land cover inside the perimeter as reported by Copernicus EFFIS (outside the Corine Land Cover area).

The weather day by day

ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.

Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)

Day High Min. humidity Peak gust Rain Danger (FWI)
3 Aug 35.3 °C 25 % 44 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 51
4 Aug 36.7 °C 17 % 44 km/h 0.0 mm Very high 48
5 Aug 38.2 °C 10 % 54 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 63
6 Aug 39.4 °C 10 % 55 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 64
7 Aug 39.8 °C 9 % 72 km/h 0.0 mm Very extreme 76
8 Aug after 37.8 °C 14 % 48 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 64
9 Aug after 36.6 °C 10 % 43 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 65
10 Aug after 37.1 °C 11 % 42 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 63
11 Aug after 38.9 °C 11 % 52 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 51
12 Aug after 36.5 °C 14 % 54 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 61
13 Aug after 31.6 °C 32 % 50 km/h 1.1 mm High 30

Before and after, from space

Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.

Before · 27 Jul 2019
After · 14 Aug 2019

If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.

The smoke

CAMS · Copernicus

On 2 August 2019 the air beside the fire reached 43 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 31: 2.1 times the WHO daily guideline (15).

PM2.5 peak43 µg/m³
Days over the guideline9 days
PM1076 µg/m³
12345678910
Good Fair Moderate Poor Very poor Extremely poor

Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.

Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)

Detections table · 104Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
⬇ Download CSV Times in UTC. Each detection is a 375 m pixel: a large fire yields hundreds per pass.
Date and timeSatelliteFRP (MW)LatLon

Other fires nearby

All fires in Algeria ›

Frequently asked questions

How long did the Aïn Smara fire last?
Copernicus dates it between 3 August 2019 and 7 August 2019: 5 days between the first and last image with fire.
How much area did it burn?
The perimeter Copernicus measured from satellite imagery is 2,491 hectares (24.9 km²). Official national figures may differ.
Which municipalities burned?
The fire entered 3 municipalities: Aïn Smara (1,218 ha, 8.4 %); Constantine (641 ha, 3.5 %); Ibn Ziad (638 ha, 4.3 %).
Did the fire reach a town?
The fire came within 4.2 km of the centre of Ibn Ziad, the closest of the areas it touched. That is the distance from the perimeter, or the nearest hotspot, to the point marking the centre; it does not mean it entered the houses.
What was the weather like?
During the fire the temperature reached 39.8 °C, humidity dropped to 9 % and gusts hit 72 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 76, class Very extreme.
Where does this data come from?
From the EFFIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Algeria (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.

Where to verify it

A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.

Emergency number: 14 · 1021 · Emergency number and official warnings ›

Satellite cross-check

History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.

No changes since 24 October 2026.

RSS Changes to this page

Does something look wrong on this page?

This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.

Report an error
What do you think is wrong?

We will only use your email to reply about this report. Privacy. This is not an emergency service: if there is a fire now, call 14 · 1021.

How we know this
  • Perimeter: EFFIS (Copernicus), mapped on satellite imagery.
  • Dates from the perimeter: the VIIRS detections inside it did not change them. 104 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
  • We have not matched this page with any official record.
  • Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.

How we build fire pages: methodology ›

Where this data comes from

The perimeter and land cover come from the Copernicus European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS), measured on MODIS and Sentinel-2 imagery and published under CC BY 4.0. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM3 (Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ slightly from each country’s official figure.