Biltine fire, November 2021 Biltine, Mégri
The fire started on 26 November 2021 in Biltine, Chad, and satellites saw it burning for 1 day. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 2,488 hectares from heat detections, spread across 2 municipalities.
It is the 22th largest in Wadi Fira since 2016 (of 27 with a page). Number 130 in Chad in 2021, of 197.
We have the GWIS perimeter for this fire, but the VIIRS sensors did not capture it in enough detail: no day-by-day evolution, but the split by municipality is there.
- Burnt area
- 2,488ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 1day
- 26 Nov 2021 – 26 Nov 2021
- Municipalities hit
- 2
- departments
- Started on
- 26 Nov
- 2021
- Danger at start
- 73
- Very extreme · FWI index
Where it burned
The weather it burned in
It had gone 41 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
No earlier perimeters overlap this fire since 2016, when the satellite record begins.
What happened to each town
-
Biltine where it started2,037 ha0.1 %
-
466 ha0.1 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26 Nov | 34.9 °C | 5 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very extreme 73 |
| 27 Nov after | 34.6 °C | 5 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very extreme 73 |
| 28 Nov after | 35.4 °C | 7 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very extreme 77 |
| 29 Nov after | 37.7 °C | 9 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 68 |
| 30 Nov after | 36.9 °C | 9 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very extreme 79 |
| 1 Dec after | 34.2 °C | 10 % | 50 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very extreme 79 |
| 2 Dec after | 33.8 °C | 11 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very extreme 72 |
| 3 Dec after | 35.3 °C | 10 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 68 |
| 4 Dec after | 35.8 °C | 10 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 5 Dec after | 34.9 °C | 11 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 63 |
| 6 Dec after | 35.0 °C | 11 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 70 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Biltine fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 26 November 2021 and 26 November 2021: 1 day between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 2,488 hectares (24.9 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 2 municipalities: Biltine (2,037 ha, 0.1 %); Mégri (466 ha, 0.1 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 34.9 °C, humidity dropped to 5 % and gusts hit 40 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 73, class Very extreme.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Chad (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.